Saudi Arabia’s ambitious Neom project, spearheaded by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, faces increasing scrutiny not only over its soaring costs and construction delays but also for its potential impact on the region’s climate and environment.

The futuristic, zero-carbon city, which aims to transform urban living with its centerpiece — The Line — has raised alarms among environmental experts, including a leading climate adviser associated with the project.

Donald Wuebbles, a University of Illinois professor of atmospheric science and a paid adviser to Neom, expressed serious concerns about how the $500 billion development could alter local weather patterns and exacerbate natural phenomena such as wind and sand storms.

In an interview with the Financial Times, Wuebbles warned that the project’s enormous scale and architectural ambitions might destabilize the delicate environmental balance in the region.

“Part of my concern was, what impact is The Line and those [projects] going to have on the local environment? You start affecting the local weather and climate,” Wuebbles said, highlighting a potential risk that has yet to be fully studied.

The Line, a revolutionary concept in urban design, envisions a linear city stretching 170 kilometers across the desert, housed within two parallel skyscrapers towering higher than the Empire State Building. Originally, Neom’s developers planned to complete 16 kilometers of The Line by 2030.

However, the sheer scale and complexity have proved overwhelming. The target was drastically revised to just 2.4 kilometers, with only a half-mile segment—including a stadium—expected to be completed by 2034.

The city’s proposed height of 1,640 feet also presents significant engineering challenges. Neom officials have suggested reducing this height to around 1,000 feet to curb expenses.

However, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman reportedly rejected this compromise, insisting instead that cost savings be sought elsewhere without compromising the project’s original vision.

The environmental concerns raised by Wuebbles and others go beyond construction difficulties. He noted that the sustainability advisory committee overseeing the project had recently been informed that the potential environmental impacts of The Line had become a “higher priority” for review.

Another committee member, speaking anonymously, confirmed the growing unease about the possible consequences of reshaping the desert landscape on such an unprecedented scale.

Despite these challenges, the Crown Prince has remained steadfast in his vision for Neom, drawing grand comparisons between the project and Egypt’s ancient pyramids — symbols of innovation and lasting legacy. Yet, as costs continue to rise and timelines slip, doubts have emerged about the project’s feasibility and future.

Experts outside the project have also expressed skepticism. Many have described Neom’s original plans as overly ambitious and unrealistic, given the technical, financial, and environmental hurdles involved.

The potential unintended consequences on weather patterns add a new layer of complexity, raising questions about whether Neom can truly deliver on its promise of a sustainable, futuristic city.

As Saudi Arabia seeks to diversify its economy away from oil dependence through transformative initiatives like Neom, balancing visionary urban development with ecological stewardship remains a critical challenge.

The outcome of this massive undertaking will likely have far-reaching implications for the kingdom’s environment, economy, and reputation on the global stage.